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Pegged beams in the attic of Robert Wyn’s Elizabethan mansion, Conwy, Wales

Wales: Conwy
July 2024

Marble Church Conwy
Elizabethan mansion, Conwy

 

An impressive church, a fine castle and an amazing Elizabethan home.

The Marble Church

Marble church of St Margaret's
St Margaret's Church

 

The marble church of St Margaret's is east of Conwy on the north side of the A55. It has a beautiful tall spire but gets its name from the 13 different types of marble used inside.

Marble church of St Margaret's

 

 

 

 

There are graves here of First World War Canadian soldiers, many who died in the Spanish flu epidemic, but a few were killed during the Kinmel Park riot of 1919.1

 

Canadian troops graves Marble church of St Margaret's
Graves of three of the four men killed in the Kinmel Park riot.

 

 

 

 

 

The Armistice had been signed on 11th November 1918 and troops were anxious to get home. On top of this the Spanish Influenza epidemic was killing men, and the winter of 1918/1919 had been severe.

The camp at Kinmel Park was overcrowded and food was poor, men wanted to get home as quickly as possible, to their families and to get jobs. The unrest culminated in looting and vandalism in early March 1919 during which five men died.

Four of the five are buried here at St Margaret's, the fifth is buried in Canada.

 

Conwy

Conwy
Conwy
Lower Gate
One of the medieval gates in the town walls.
Conwy Castle
Conwy

 

Conwy has a really great castle. It's another built by Edward the First and his architect James of St George. It took just four years to build and was completed in 1287.

 

Conwy
Down by the River Conwy.

 

Conwy Castle
Conwy Castle
Conwy Castle
Conwy Castle
The king was able to watch services in the chapel from a private room

 

Conwy Castle
Conwy Castle
Stained glass in the chapel.
Conwy
River Conwy estuary from the castle.
Conwy smallest house in Great Britain
Aberconwy House

 

 

We walked around Conwy which is quite pleasant especially down at the estuary.

 

Conwy smallest house in Great Britain
"The Smallest House in Great Britain"

On Castle Street there is a beautiful medieval merchant's home, Aberconwy House. It belongs to the National Trust and is currently used as a second-hand bookshop but it was closed when we were there.

Close to the estuary shore is the "Smallest House in Great Britain" which we didn't go into.

 

Conwy Plas Mawr
Plas Mawr

 

 

 

 

We finished our visit at an Elizabethan merchant's house, Plas Mawr, which is really excellent.

 

Conwy Plas Mawr
The courtyard entrance to Plas Mawr.

 

The entrance is through the street door then into a courtyard from where a stone staircase leads to the first floor.

The merchant Robert Wynn had purchased the mansion here in 1570 and between 1576 and 1585 he and his wife had it rebuilt to create Plas Mawr as it is today.

There is beautiful original timber panelling, stone fireplaces, impressive plaster work, some of it restored to the original colours which were discovered during work on the building.

Conwy Plas Mawr
Robert Wyn's coat of arms above the fireplace. The plasterwork has been painted to show how it might have looked at the time.
Conwy Plas Mawr
The Hall.

The Hall is the first room entered. In the Middle Ages this had been the main living room but by the late sixteenth century it had become a reception room for visitors, a servants' dining room, and a place for feasts for tenants or the household.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The kitchen.
Conwy Plas Mawr
The kitchen.

Next to the hall is a wonderful kitchen with a massive fireplace then a passage that traverses the house from a porch on one side to the upper courtyard on the other.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The upper courtyard. The well, the only source of water for the house, was situated here.

The upper courtyard was originally the main entrance to the house.

Conwy Plas Mawr
Plas Mawr seen from its garden through the upper courtyard.

 

 

Conwy Plas Mawr
The pantry.

Robert Wyn created a garden for the house which is reached through a gate in the upper courtyard. It has been recreated and follows the original plan. It is quite formal and has been stocked with flowering plants and fruit trees which were popular at the time, including roses, apricot, peach and Morello cherries.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The two entrances to the pantry - the wooden beams, or thresholds, at the base of the doorways and be seen.

Across the passage from the kitchen is the pantry where dry goods and meat were stored. Its original earth floor, strewn with rushes or "thresh" and dried herbs, has been recreated. The wooden beam at the foot of the doorway is the "threshold".

 

Conwy Plas Mawr
Conwy Plas Mawr
The small parlour.

On the north corner of the ground floor is a small parlour, the only family room on this floor, used as a private sitting room to entertain close friends or even as a guest bedroom. The room is unfurnished but has beautiful restored plasterwork.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The small parlour.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The small parlour.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Chamber over the brewhouse.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Decoration on the lintel of the doorway from the brewhouse, looking across the passage to the small parlour.

Across a small passage from the parlour is the brewhouse/bakehouse. This room also had access to the upper courtyard and well.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The brewhouse/bakehouse.

Upstairs the chamber of over the brewhouse has been left empty to show off the very fine plasterwork. This was probably Robert Wyn's bedroom.

Conwy Plas Mawr
Detail of plasterwork in the chamber above the brewhouse.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Conwy Plas Mawr
Plasterwork in the chamber over the brewhouse.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Chamber above the parlour.

 

Above the small parlour a richly decorated room was probably his wife's bedroom. The furnishings are from the mid-seventeenth century and reflect what was here at the time based upon an inventory. It was used not only as a bedroom but also a sitting and dressing room and for informal eating.

 

Conwy Plas Mawr
Chamber above the parlour.

Beautiful wool hangings, called Kidderminster stuff, are faithful recreations; these were both decorative and functional, serving to keep rooms warm.

Conwy Plas Mawr
Chamber above the parlour.

 

Conwy Plas Mawr
Chamber above the parlour.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Kidderminster stuff wall hanging in the chamber above the parlour.

Between these two chambers is a much smaller room, probably a servant's room, and furnished accordingly.

Conwy Plas Mawr
Small room between the two chambers.
Conwy Plas Mawr
The Great Chamber.

The Great Chamber occupies the central portion of the first floor and was used for entertainment. Long benches around three walls would have had tables before them where food and drink were served between musical entertainment.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The Great Chamber.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Detail of the ceiling plasterwork in the Great Chamber.
Conwy Plas Mawr
Jane Roberts' home.

At the very top of the house a large attic boasts a fabulous pegged timber ceiling. This was originally meant to be viewed from the Great Chamber below, but when the tower was built it didn't quite work so the beautiful plaster ceiling was installed to the Great Chamber below.

Conwy Plas Mawr
The fabulous pegged timber ceiling in the attic..

Next to this attic a room has been furnished to represent the home of Jane Roberts, a widowed washerwoman, and her two sons, who lived in the north attic in about 1870.

 

References

  1. The Western Front Association: The Kinmel Park Riot of Canadian Servicemen March 1919